Conference Publications: 1991 - 2000

Hancock, P.A. (1991). On operator strategic behavior. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH.

Karwowski, W., Hancock, P.A., Zurada, J.M., & Ostaszewski, K. (1991). Risk of low back overexertion injury due to manual load lifting in view of the catastrophe theory. In: Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association, Paris, France, July.

Hancock, P.A., Caird, J.K., & Johnson, S.B. (1991). The left-turn. In: Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association, Paris, France, July.

Hancock, P.A., Caird, J.K., Johnson, S.B., Shekhar, S., Yang, T.A., Coyle, M., & Pawlacyk, L.S. (1991). Human factors safety issues in intelligent vehicle highway systems. Safety News: Newsletter of the Safety Technical Group of the Human Factors Society, April, (pp. 1-9).

Yang, T.A., Shekhar, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Geographic database for IVHS Management. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation Engineering, Minneapolis, MN, August.

Coyle, M., Meir, S., Shekhar, S., Yang, A., Caird, J.K., Hancock, P.A., & Johnson, S. (1991). Exploring headsup displays for driver workload management in intelligent vehicle highway systems. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation Engineering, Minneapolis, MN, August.

Becker, A.B. Warm, J.S., Dember, W.N., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Effects of feedback on perceived workload in vigilance performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 35, 1491-1494.

Warm, J.S., Dember, W.N., Gluckman, J.P., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Vigilance and workload. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 35, 980-981.

Hancock, P.A., Caird, J.K., Shekhar, S., & Vercruyssen, M. (1991). Factors influencing drivers' left-turn decisions. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 35, 1139-1143.

Caird, J.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Perceived spatial layout of a simulated scene as a function of experience. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 35, 1447-1451.

Yang. T.A., Shekhar. S, Hamidzadeh., B., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Path planning and evaluation in IVHS databases. IEEE International Conference on Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems (VNIS/IVHS), Dearborn, Michigan.

Shekhar. S, Coyle. M.S., Shargal., M., Kozak, J.J., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Design and validation of headsup displays for navigation in IVHS. IEEE International Conference on Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems (VNIS/IVHS), Dearborn, Michigan.

Donaldson, S.K., Wade, M., Lindquist., Ostwald, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1991). Advances to promote independent living in the elderly: Preserving autonomy. The Gerontologist, 31, 332. (Abstract only).

Hancock, P.A., Caird, J.K., Shekhar, S., Stackhouse, S., Coyle, M., Shargal, M., Kozak, J., Rausch., R., Harris, W., & Arthur, E. (1992). Human factors in IVHS. Abstracts of the 3rd Annual University of Minnesota Transportation Research Conference, St. Paul, MN, May.

Shekhar, S., Yang, A., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Evaluation of relational databases for advanced driver information systems. Abstracts of the 3rd Annual University of Minnesota Transportation Research Conference, St. Paul, MN, May.

Stackhouse, S., Shekhar, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Guidestar architecture. Abstracts of the 3rd Annual University of Minnesota Transportation Research Conference, St. Paul, MN, May.

Hancock, P.A., & Stackhouse, S. (1992). Human factors and safety issues in IVHS. Proceedings of the 25th ISATA Conference on Road Transport Informatics/Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, 25, 489-496.

Caird, J.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Perception of oncoming vehicles time to arrival. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 36, 1378-1382.

Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Managing risk under time stress. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 36, 1019-1023.

Becker, A.B., Warm, J.S., Dember, W.N., Sparnall, J.A., DeRonde, L., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Effects of aircraft noise on vigilance performance and perceived workload. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 36, 1513-1517.

Flach, J.M., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). An ecological approach to human-machine systems. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 36, 1056-1058.

Chignell, M.H., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). Design orientation and ergonomics. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, (pp. 207- 211). Chicago, IL, October.

Caird, J.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1992). The perception of spatial layout in visually simulated environments. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, (pp. 1159-1162), Chicago, IL, October.

Hancock, P.A., & Chignell, M.H. (1993). Adaptive function allocation by Intelligent interfaces. International Workshop on Intelligent User Interfaces. Orlando, FL, January.

Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1993). Situation awareness is adaptive, externally-directed consciousness. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Situational Awareness, Orlando, FL, February.

Hancock, P.A., & Williams, G. (1993). Effect of task load and task load increment on performance and workload. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH, April.

Harris, W.C., Hancock, P.A., & Arthur, E. (1993). Effect of preview and fatigue on performance, automation and workload. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, April, OH.

Harris, W.C., Hancock, P.A., & Arthur, E. (1993). The effect of taskload projection on automation use, performance, and workload.. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, April, OH.

Hancock, P.A., & Dewing, W. (1993). A driver-centered systems architecture for Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems. In: Abstracts of the Fourth Annual Transportation Research Conference, Minneapolis, MN, May.

Hancock, P.A., Arthur, E.J., & Andre, A.D. (1993). Learning in virtual environments. Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15, S40, (Abstract Only).

Rausch, R.J., & Hancock, P.A. (1993). The effects of age, sex, and handedness on the perception of time. Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15, S65, (Abstract Only).

Andre, A., Hancock, P.A., & Caird, J.K. (1993). Cognitive and perceptual-motor factors in vehicle operation and simulation. Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15, S4, (Abstract Only).

Caird, J.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1993). The application of ecological human factors principles to virtual environment interface design. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Event Perception and Action, 7, 36 (Abstract Only).

Dember, W.N., Warm, J.S., Nelson, W.T., Simmons, KG., Hancock, P.A., & Gluckman, J.P. (1993). The rate of gain of perceived workload in sustained attention. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 37, 1388-1392.

Arthur, E.J., Hancock, P.A., & Chrysler, S.T. (1993). Spatial orientation in real and virtual worlds. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 37, 328-332.

Harwood, K., Smith, K., Olson, W., & Hancock, P.A. (1994). Shared decision making in the National Airspace system: Flightdeck-ATC integration. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Psychology in the Department of Defense. Colorado Springs, CO, April.

Harris, W.C., Goernert, P.N., Hancock, P.A., & Arthur, E. (1994). The comparative effectiveness of system and operator evoked automation as a function of the presence of task load increase. In Proceedings of the First Automation Technology & Human Performance Conference, Washington, D.C., April.

Scallen, S.F., Duley, J.A., & Hancock, P.A. (1994). Pilot performance and preference for cycles of automation in adaptive function allocation. In Proceedings of the First Automation Technology and Human Performance Conference, Washington, D.C., April.

Duley, J.A, Scallen, S.F., & Hancock, P.A. (1994). The response of experienced pilots to interface configuration changes for adaptive allocation. In Proceedings of the First Automation Technology & Human Performance Conference, Washington, D.C., April.

Hancock, P.A. (1994). On humans and automated machines. In Proceedings of the First Automation Technology & Human Performance Conference, Washington, D.C., April.

Hancock, P.A. (1994). The time of your life. In: Proceedings of the 12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto, Canada, August.

Hancock, P.A., Scallen, S.F., & Duley, J.A. (1994). Interface design for adaptive automation technologies. In: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Human-Computer Teamwork. Cambridge, England, September.

Caird, J.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1994). The effect of static and dynamic whole-hand gestures on the perception of grasped-size in a virtual environment. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 38, 965.

Hancock, P.A. (1994). In-vehicle collision avoidance warning systems for IVHS. Safety News: Safety Technical Group of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, October, 1-6. (Reprinted by Request From Hancock, P.A. (1993). Evaluating in-vehicle collision avoidance warning systems for IVHS. In: E.J. Haug (Ed.). Concurrent engineering: Tools and technologies for mechanical system design. (pp. 947-958), Berlin: Springer-Verlag).

Andre, A.D., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). Special issue editorial: Pilot workload-Contemporary issues. International Journal of Aviation Psychology. 5, 1-4.

Vasmatzidis, I., Schlegel, R.E., Purswell, J.L., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). Cognitive resource depletion under heat stress. In: Proceedings of the Konz/Purswell Ergonomics Symposium, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX.

Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). The risk space representation of commercial airspace. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH.

Scallen, S.F., Smith, K., Briggs, A., Knecht, E., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). ATC Decision making in the resolution of traffic control conflict situations in the absence of radar display. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH.

Hancock, P.A., Smith, K., Scallen, S.F., Briggs, A., & Knecht, W. (1995). Shared Decision-Making in the national airspace system: Flight deck applications. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH.

Manser, M.P., Hancock, P.A., Olofinboba, O., & Schreffler, T. (1995). Programmatic description of a high-fidelity wrap around driving simulator. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Manser, M.P., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). The ecological optic approach for specifying time-to-contact information. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Scallen, S.F., Hancock, P.A., & Duley, J. (1995). The control of automation invocation in an adaptive automation context. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Wagner, D.G., Vercruyssen, M., Hancock, P.A., Williams, G., & Briggs, A. (1995). The evaluation of message content of changeable message signs. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Smith, K., Scallen, S.F., Briggs, A., Knecht, W., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). Experimental evidence for the risk space representation of commercial airspace. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Hancock, P.A. (1995). On accidents. In: Abstract Conference Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Transportation Research Conference. Minneapolis, MN.

Hancock, P.A. (1995). Human factors and motor behavior research: Applications to issues in transportation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17, S3 (Abstract Only).

Manser., M.P., & Hancock , P.A. (1995). The application of optical flow field theory to a real world driving environment. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17, S4 (Abstract Only).

Scallen, S.F., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). Pilot performance in automated environments: Experimental research with real-world applications. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17, S4 (Abstract Only).

Vercruyssen, M., Hancock, P.A., Knecht, W., Olofinboba, O., Chrysler, S., Williams, G., May, D., & Newell, R. (1995). Lighted guidance devices: Environmental modulation of driving behavior through work zones. Proceedings of the 2nd ITS World Congress (pp. 1199-1204). Yokohama, Japan: Vehicle, Road, and Traffic Intelligence Society (VERTIS).

Vercruyssen, M., Hancock, P.A., Williams, G., Olofinboba, O., Nookala, M., & Foderberg, D. (1995). Lighted guidance devices: Environmental modulation of drivers' perception of vehicle speed through work zones. Proceedings of the 2nd ITS World Congress (pp. 1689-1694). Yokohama, Japan: Vehicle, Road, and Traffic Intelligence Society (VERTIS).

Manser, M.P., & Hancock, P.A. (1995). Endogenous and exogenous factors affecting estimations of time to contact. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 39, 949 (Abstract Only).

Hancock, P.A. (1996). Men without machines. In: Conference Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automation and Human Performance, Cocoa Beach, FL, March.

Vercruyssen, M., Williams, G., Hancock, P.A., & Foderberg, D. (1996). Automobile braking response speed: Age differences and effects of collision warning. In Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Conference of the Intelligent Transportation Society of America, April.

Manser, M.P., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). Internal and external factors impinging on collision avoidance abilities: Implications for accident rates. In Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Conference of the Intelligent Transportation Society of America, April.

Manser, M.P.. & Hancock, P.A. (1996). Advanced simulation technology used to reduce accident rates through a better understanding of human behaviors and human perception. Proceedings SPIE, Orlando, FL, April.

Arthur, E., Hancock, P.A., & Telke, S. (1996). Navigation in virtual environments. Proceedings SPIE, Orlando, FL, April.

Scallen, S.F., Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). Development of a simulator to investigate pilot decision-making in free flight. Proceedings SPIE, Orlando, FL, April.

Smith, K., Hancock, P.A., & Scallen, S.F. (1996). Decision making in free flight. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 96-97.

Knecht, W., Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). A dynamic conflict probe and index of collision risk. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 106-110.

Scallen, S.F., Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). Pilot actions during traffic situations in a free-flight airspace structure. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 111-115.

Garland, D.J., Andre, A., Selcon, S.J., Endsley, M.R., Hancock, P.A., & Vidulich, M.A. (1996). Assessment and measurement of situation awareness. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 1170-1173.

Manser, M.P., Hancock, P.A., & Kinney, C.A. (1996). Research paradigm as a factor influencing estimates of time-to-contact. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 1202-1206.

Lewin, J.E.K., Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). Navigation strategies in free-flight: Pilots' use of time-to-contact. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 1296.

Smith, K.C.S., Lewin, J.E.K., & Hancock, P.A. (1996). The invariant that drives conflict detection. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Ergonomics. Stratford, England.

Klinge, J., Smith, K., Scallen, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). The University of Minnesota distributed air traffic information display simulator. In: Conference Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, (pp. 358-361), Columbus, OH.

Scallen, S., Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Influence of color cockpit displays of traffic information on pilot decision making in free flight. In: Conference Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, (pp. 368-373), Columbus, OH.

Knecht, W.R., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Modeling airspace collision risk. In: Conference Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, (pp. 1335-1340), Columbus, OH.

Smith, K., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). All you need is heed. In: Conference Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Columbus, OH.

Scallen, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Performance effects of adaptive allocation. In: Conference Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Aviation Psychology. (pp. 316-320), Columbus, OH.

Manser, M.P., Hancock, P.A., Kinney, C., Campbell, C., & Forberd, M. (1997). Influence of driver age and sex on the ability to accurately estimate collision. In: Eighth Annual Transportation Research Conference Abstracts, Minneapolis, MN.

Manser, M.P., Carmody, J., Hancock, P.A., Forberd, M., & Campbell, C. (1997). The influence of visual patterns in peripheral vision for modulating driver's speed through tunnels and temporary workzones. In: Eighth Annual Transportation Research Conference Abstracts, Minneapolis, MN.

Desmond, P.A., Matthews, G., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). The effects of task demands on driver fatigue. In: Eighth Annual Transportation Research Conference Abstracts, Minneapolis, MN.

Hancock, P.A., & Koscheyev, V.S. (1997). The evolution from physiological adequacy to physiological tuning. Abstracts of the 12th Man in Space Symposium, Washington, DC.

Knecht, W.R., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Parameterizing a metric of midair collision risk. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 9-12.

Smith, K., Briggs, A., Knecht, W., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Success and failure at self-separation in simulated free flight. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 13- 17.

Sheridan, T., Price, H.E., Pew, R., Van Cott, H.P., Woods, D.D., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Allocating functions between humans and machines can never be done on a rationale basis. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 248.

Masalonis, A.J., Le, M.A., Klinge, J.C., Galster, S.M., Duley, J.A., Hancock, P.A., Hillburn, B.G., & Parasuraman, R. (1997). Air traffic control workstation mock-up for free flight experimentation: Lab developments and capabilities. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 1379.

Desmond, P.A., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Motivation and fatigue-related impairments in simulated driving. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 1003-1007.

Hancock, P.A., Hendrix, C., & Arthur, E. (1997). Spatial mental representations in virtual environments. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 41, 1143-1147.

Desmond, P.A., Matthews, G., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Dimensions of subjective fatigue states in driving. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Alcohol, Drugs, and Traffic Safety, Annecy, France, September.

Desmond, P.A., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). Automated highway systems and driver fatigue. Proceedings of the Rural Advanced Technology and Transportation Systems Meeting, Montana.

Smith, K., Knecht, W.R., Scallen, S., & Hancock, P.A. (1997). An index of dynamic density in free flight. Proceedings of the Confederation of European Aerospace Societies' 10th Aerospace Conference on Free Flight, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Desmond, P., Hancock, P.A., & Monette, J. (1998). Fatigue and automation-induced impairments in simulated driving performance In: Proceedings of the 77th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC.

Vercruyssen, M., Siu, K., China, C., Masaki, K., Hoffman, E., Blanchette, P.L., & Hancock, P.A. (1998). Age and disease effects on estimates of vehicle time-to-arrival. In: Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the American Geriatric Society, Atlanta, GA. (Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 46(9), S.96).

Parasuraman, R., & Hancock, P.A. (1998). Designing automated warning systems: A signal detection and Bayesian analysis. In: Abstracts of the Third Automation Technology and Human Performance Conference, Norfolk, VA.

Desmond, P.A., Hancock, P.A., & Monette, J.L. (1998). Driver fatigue and automated vehicle systems. In: Abstracts of the Third Automation Technology and Human Performance Conference, Norfolk, VA.

Hancock, P.A., & Scallen, S.F. (1998). A tribute to William N. Dember. In: A tribute to William N. Dember. Publication of the Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, OH.

Wogalter, M., Hancock, P.A., & Dempsey, P.G. (1998). On the description and definition of human factors/ergonomics. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 42, 671-674.

Hancock, P.A. (1998). The price of freedom. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 42, 1577-1578.

Hashemi, L., Simmons, L., Howarth, H., & Hancock, P.A. (1998). The effects of an in-vehicle distracter upon driver performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 42, 1626.

Warm, J.S., Dember, W.N., & Hancock, P.A. (1998). Workload and vigilance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 42, 769-771.

Knecht, W., & Hancock, P.A. (1999). Separation maintenance in high-stress free flight using a time-to-contact based cockpit display of traffic information. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 43, 16-20.

Harris, W.C., Hancock, P.A., & Goernert, P.N. (1999). On the multiple-task performance of high and low mood disturbance individuals. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 43, 1396.

Hancock, P.A. (2000). The tale of a two-faced tiger: Identifying commonalties across accident types to reduce their impact and frequency by design. Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Transportation Research Conference, 13. (Abstract Only).

De Ridder, S.N., & Hancock, P.A. (2000). When two cars meet at the wrong place and the wrong time. Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Transportation Research Conference, 13. (Abstract Only).

Chihak, B., Harder, K., Scallen, S.F., & Hancock, P.A. (2000). Educational outreach: What is human factors? Proceedings of the 14th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and the 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

de Ridder, S.N., & Hancock, P.A. (2000). Driver interaction in a shared simulated environment. Proceedings of the DSC Driving Simulation Conference, (pp. 359-367). Paris, France, September, 2000.